Scientific Publications

Virology Marinomed
Iota-Carrageenan Inhibits Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5
Setz, C. et al., Nutraceuticals 2023, 3, 315-328 (2 MB)
Virology Marinomed
Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication in vitro
Morokutti-Kurz et al., PLoS ONE, 2021, 16(2): e0237480. (882 KB)
Virology Marinomed
The Saliva of Probands Sucking an Iota-Carrageenan Containing Lozenge Inhibits Viral Binding and Replication of the Most Predominant Common Cold Viruses and SARS-CoV-2
Morokutti-Kurz M et al., Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:5241-5249 (1,002 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Iota-Carrageenan Inhibits Replication of SARS-CoV-2 and the Respective Variants of Concern Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta
Fröba et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 13202 (2 MB)
Virology Marinomed
Development of a nasal spray containing xylometazoline hydrochloride and iota- carrageenan for the symptomatic relief of nasal congestion caused by rhinitis and sinusitis
Graf et al., International Journal of General Medicine 2018, 11:275–28 (524 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Amylmetacresol/2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, hexylresorcinol, or carrageenan lozenges as active treatments for sore throat
Morokutti-Kurz et al., International Journal of General Medicine 2017, 10:53–60 (2 MB)
Virology Marinomed
Non-Clinical Safety Evaluation of Intranasal Iota-Carrageenan
Hebar et al., PLOS one 2015, 10:4 (287 KB)
Virology Marinomed
The Intranasal Application of Zanamivir and Carrageenan Is Synergistically Active against Influenza A Virus in the Murine Model
Morokutti-Kurz et al., PLOS one 2015, 10:6 (693 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Carrageenan nasal spray in virus confirmed common cold: individual patient data analysis of two randomized controlled trials
Koenighofer et al., Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2014, 9:57 (1 MB)
Virology Marinomed
Combination of a corticosteroid and an anti-viral intranasal therapy
Nakowitsch et al. 2013 (393 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Efficacy of a Carrageenan nasal spray in patients with common cold: a randomized controlled trial
Ludwig et al., Respiratory Research 2013, 14:124 (518 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Lessons learned from a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study with a iota-carrageenan nasal spray as medical device in children with acute symptoms of common cold
Fazekas et al., BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012, 12:147 (754 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold
Eccles et al., Respiratory Research 2010, 11:108 (371 KB)
Virology Marinomed
Iota-Carrageenan Is a Potent Inhibitor of Influenza A Virus Infection
Leibbrandt et al., PLOS one 2010, 5:12 (1 MB)
Virology Marinomed
Iota-Carrageenan is a potent inhibitor of rhinovirus infection
Grassauer et al., Virology Journal 2008, 5:107 (395 KB)
Virology Related
Biological activity of algal derived carrageenan: A comprehensive review in light of human health and disease
Pradhan et al., International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 238 (2023), 124085 (6 MB)
Virology Related
Iota-carrageenan extracted from red algae is a potent inhibitor of SARS‐CoV-2 infection in reconstituted human airway epithelia
Bovard et al., Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, Volume 29, 2022, 101187 (3 MB)
Virology Related
Efficacy of a Nasal Spray Containing Iota-Carrageenan in the Postexposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 in Hospital Personnel Dedicated to Patients Care with COVID-19 Disease
Figueroa et al., Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:6277-6286 (3 MB)
Virology Related
Carrageenan containing over-the-counter nasal and oral sprays inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway epithelial cultures
Schütz et al., American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 2021 (517 KB)
Virology Related
PVP-I and Iota-Carrageenan Improve Subjective Clinical Symptoms In COVID-19 Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet, Indonesia: A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.
Amtha et al., Teikyo Medical Journal; 2021, 44 (05), 1659-1669 (270 KB)
Virology Related
Natural Derived Nasal Spray; A Proposed Approach for COVID-19 Disease Control
Hoseini-Tavassol et al., Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, 2021, 20, 1-7 (527 KB)
Virology Related
A randomized trial - intensive treatment based in Ivermectin and Iota-Carrageenan as pre-exposure prophylaxis for Covid-19 in healthcare agents
Chahla et al., medRxiv 2021; 03.26.21254398; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.26.21254398 (198 KB)
Virology Related
Safety and efficacy of iota-carrageenan nasal spray in treatment and prevention of the common cold
Bichiri et al., Med Pharm Rep. 2021 Jan; 94(1): 28–34. (395 KB)
Virology Related
Lectin from Triticum vulgaris (WGA) Inhibits Infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants of Concern Alpha and Beta
Auth, J. et al., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 10205. (2 MB)
Virology Related
Carrageenan nasal spray may double the rate of recovery from coronavirus and influenza virus infections: Re-analysis of randomized trial data
Hemilä et al., Pharmacology Research & Perspectives 2021; DOI: 10.1002/prp2.810 (759 KB)
Virology Related
Polymeric Materials as Potential Inhibitors Against SARS-CoV-2
Umar et al., Journal of polymers and the environment, 1-20. 9 Sep. 2021, doi:10.1007/s10924-021-02272-6 (2 MB)
Virology Related
Griffithsin and Carrageenan Combination Results in Antiviral Synergy against SARS-CoV-1 and 2 in a Pseudoviral Model
Alsaidi et al., Mar. Drugs 2021, 19, 418. (530 KB)
Virology Related
Use of gargle solutions and nasal sprays - two other allies in the defense against viral colds even in times of Covid-19 (German Only)
M. Suchomel et. al; Austrian Society for Hygiene, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine (188 KB)
Virology Related
Nasal therapy — The missing link in optimising strategies to improve prevention and treatment of COVID-19
Ratcliffe et al., PLoS Pathog 2021; 17(11): e1010079 (355 KB)
Virology Related
Iota-carrageenan and xylitol inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cell culture
Bansal et al., PLoS ONE 2021; 16(11): e0259943. (1 MB)
Virology Related
Virucidal gargling and virucidal nasal spray
Kramer et al., GMS Hygiene and Infection Control 2021, Vol. 16, ISSN 2196-5226 (157 KB)
Virology Related
Application prospect of polysaccharides in the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs and vaccines
Chen et al., International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 164, 331-343 (3 MB)
Virology Related
Iota-Carrageenan as an Antiviral Treatment for the Common Cold
Eccles, The Open Virology Journal 2020, 14:9 (3 MB)
Virology Related
Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Topical Ivermectin + Iota-Carrageenan in the Prophylaxis against COVID-19 in Health Personnel
Carvallo et al., Journal of Biomedical Research and Clinical Investigation 2020; Volume 2 Isue 1.1007 (600 KB)
Virology Related
Covid 19 and Ivermectin Prevention and Treatment Update
Hirsch et al., Journal of Infectious Diseases & Travel Medicine 2020, 4 (S1): 000S1-007 (229 KB)
Virology Related
SARS-CoV-2 Infection Depends on Cellular Heparan Sulfate and ACE2
Clausen et al., Cell 2020, 2020.09.033 (3 MB)
Virology Related
Iota-carrageenan and Xylitol inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture
Bansal et al., bioRxiv. 2020; 10.1101/2020.08.19.225854 (348 KB)
Virology Related
The COVID 19 novel coronavirus pandemic 2020: seaweeds to the rescue? Why does substantial, supporting research about the antiviral properties of seaweed polysaccharides seem to go unrecognized by the pharmaceutical community in these desperate times?
Pereira, L., Critchley, A.T., Journal of Applied Phycology 2020 (193 KB)
Virology Related
Carrageenans as Broad-Spectrum Microbicides: Current Status and Challenges
Lee, Marine Drugs 2020, 18, 435 (664 KB)
Virology Related
Efficacy and safety of iota-carrageenan nasal spray versus placebo in early treatment of the common cold in adults: the ICICC trial
Eccles et al., Respiratory Research 2015, 16:121 (914 KB)
Immunology Marinomed
Carrageenan-Containing Nasal Spray Alleviates Allergic Symptoms in Participants with Grass Pollen Allergy: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Clinical Trial
Unger-Manhart, N. et al., Int J Gen Med. 2024;17:419-428 (2 MB)
Immunology Marinomed
Decongestant effect of treatment with sorbitol-containing Carragelose® nasal spray (Poster)
N. Unger-Manhart et al., 2023 (146 KB)
Immunology Marinomed
Carragelose® nasal spray is effective in reducing allergic nasal symptoms (Poster)
N. Unger-Manhart et al. 2023 (158 KB)
Immunology Marinomed
Carrageenan-containing nasal spray alleviates allergic symptoms in subjects with grass pollen allergy: A randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial
Unger-Manhart et al., medRxiv 2023.10.19.23297206; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.19.23297206 (332 KB)
Immunology Marinomed
Saponin Micelles Lead to High Mucosal Permeation and In Vivo Efficacy of Solubilized Budesonide
Nakowitsch et al., Pharmaceutics 2020, 12(9), 847 (1 MB)
Immunology Marinomed
Fast effectiveness of a solubilized low‐dose budesonide nasal spray in allergic rhinitis
Zieglmayer et al., Clin Exp Allergy. 2020; 00:1–13. (1 MB)
Immunology Marinomed
Topical Pergolide Enhance Corneal Nerve Regrowth Following Induced Corneal Abrasion
Zhang et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2020; 61(1):4. (2 MB)
Immunology Marinomed
Pharmacokinetics of topically applied tacrolimus dissolved in Marinosolv, a novel aqueous eye drop formulation
Siegl et al., European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 134, 2019, 88-95 (5 MB)
Immunology Marinomed
Beta-escin has potent anti-allergic efficacy and reduces allergic airway inflammation
Lindner, I. et. al.BMC Immunol. 2010 May 21;11:24. doi: 10.1186/1471-2172-11-24 (2 MB)
Immunology Related
Non-Invasive Optical Imaging of Eosinophilia during the Course of an Experimental Allergic Airways Disease Model and in Response to Therapy
Markus et al., PLOS one 2014, 9:2 (3 MB)
Lucia Ziegler, MSc
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